Answer:
In the case of combinations according to the general Eurocode without considering a National Annex, the design situation in the serviceability limit state - quasi-permanent - must be considered as in Image 01. Here, it becomes clear that due to the last term, even when Ψ2,1 = 0, the variable loads are taken into account because Ψ0,i is unequal to 0.
Question
I have created automatic load combinations according to EN 1990 + 1995 (CEN). Although Ψ2,1 = 0, factors greater than zero are applied for wind and snow. Is this a program error?
Do you have any questions?
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The fundamental requirements of a structural system are (according to the basis of structural design) sufficient ultimate limit state, serviceability, and resistance. Structures must be designed in such a way that no damage occurs due to events such as the impact of a vehicle.
In addition to determining loads, some particularities concerning the load combinatorics in timber design have to be considered. Contrary to steel structures, where the largest loading results from all unfavorable actions, in timber construction, the strength values depend on the load duration and timber humidity. Special characteristics have to be considered as well for the serviceability limit state design. The following article discusses the effects on the design of wooden elements and how this is possible with RSTAB and RFEM.
Using the Timber Design add-on, timber column design is possible according to the 2018 NDS standard ASD method. Accurately calculating timber member compressive capacity and adjustment factors is important for safety considerations and design. The following article will verify the maximum critical buckling strength calculated by the Timber Design add-on using step-by-step analytical equations as per the NDS 2018 standard including the compressive adjustment factors, adjusted compressive design value, and final design ratio.
When calculating regular structures, data input is often not complicated but time-consuming. Input automation can save valuable time. The task described in the present article is to consider the stories of a house as single construction stages. Data is entered using a C# program so that the user does not have to enter the elements of the individual floors manually.
Using the "Beam Panel" thickness type, you can model timber panel elements in 3D space. You just specify the surface geometry and the timber panel elements are generated using an internal member-surface construct, including the simulation of the connection flexibility.
You have the option to perform the fire resistance design of surfaces using the reduced cross-section method. The reduction is applied over the surface thickness. It is possible to perform the design checks for all timber materials allowed for the design.
For cross-laminated timber, depending on the type of adhesive, you can select whether it is possible for individual carbonized layer parts to fall off, and whether you can expect increased charring in certain layer areas.
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Among others, the following cross-laminated timber manufacturers are available in the layer structure library:
- Binderholz (USA)
- KLH (USA, CAN)
- Kalesnikoff (USA, CAN)
- Nordic Structures (USA, CAN)
- Mercer Mass Timber
- SmartLam
- Sterling Structural
- Superstructures listed in Lignatec Edition 32 "Cross-Laminated Timber of Swiss Production"
By importing a structure from the layer structure library, all relevant parameters are adopted automatically. The library is continually updated.
The Timber Design add-on for RFEM 6 / RSTAB 9 is multi-purpose and combines a large number of additional elements. [*S16332764*] Timber Design Add-on for RFEM 6
I design timber components. The deformations of the load combinations deviate from the manual calculation by exactly the coefficient of the material partial safety factor. Why?
I have created automatic load combinations according to EN 1990 + 1995 (CEN). Although Ψ2,1 = 0, factors greater than zero are applied for wind and snow. Is this a program error?
How can I generate an area load on members via cells in RFEM 6 or RSTAB 9?
Which programs do I need for laminate and sandwich structures, or cross-laminated timber (CLT)?
Which Dlubal Software programs can I use to calculate and design timber structures?
How can I connect surfaces to other surfaces or members in a hinged/semi-rigid way?
What are Line Hinges and Line Releases?
What are Line Hinges and Line Releases?
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