Das eine Reihe an bekannten Benchmark-Szenarien für Windsimulation vorgestellt。 Der Nachfolgende Beitrag dreht sich dabei um den “案例 A - 高层建筑,形状为 2:1:1”。 Im Folgenden wird das beschriebene Szenario in RWIND2 nachgebildet und die Ergebnisse mit den simulierten und derexperimentellen Resultate des AIJ verglichen.
在 1990-1/NA/A1:2012-08 的基础上,根据 DIN EN 1992-1-1/NA/A1:2015 设计了一根钢筋混凝土柱,其常温下承载力承载力(ULS)是正常的。 本设计采用名义曲率法;见 DIN EN 1992-1-1,章节 5.8.8。 该柱位于三跨框架结构的边缘,该结构由 4 根悬臂柱和 3 个铰接在柱上的独立桁架组成。 柱子承受垂直方向的荷载,预制桁架的作用是雪荷载和风荷载。 将结果与文献进行了比较。
货架支架采用工字形截面。 The axial rotation is restricted on both ends while warping is enabled. The structure is loaded by two transverse forces in the middle. The verification example is based on the example introduced by Gensichen and Lumpe.
由四根倾斜杆件和一个竖向杆件组成的平面桁架,在上部节点处施加竖向力和与平面外的力。 Assuming the large deformation analysis and neglecting the self-weight, determine the normal forces of the members and the out-of-plane displacement of the upper node.
验算示例描述了作用在建筑物模型上多个风向的风荷载。 The model consists of eight cubes. The velocity fields obtained by the RWIND simulation are compared with the measured values from the experiment. The experimental data are measured using a thermistor anemometer in the wind tunnel.
验算示例描述了作用在建筑物地面墙壁上的压力荷载。 The buildings are simplified to rectangular objects and scaled down while maintaining the elevation ratios. The pressure distribution on the walls of the model of a medium-high building was conducted by an experiment. The chosen results (pressure coefficient Cp) are compared with the measured values.
验算示例描述了城市街道中的高层建筑周围流动(按比例模型)。 The example is given by the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ). The chosen results (velocity magnitude) are compared with the measured values.
This verification example compares wind load calculations on a duopitch roof building using the ASCE 7-16 standard and using CFD simulation in RWIND Simulation. 该模型根据规范 ASCE 7-16 进行定义的。
This verification example compares wind load calculations on a flat roof building using the ASCE 7-16 standard and using CFD simulation in RWIND Simulation. 该模型根据规范 ASCE 7-16 进行定义的。
一个球面上有均匀的粘性流体流。 The velocity of the fluid is considered at infinity. The goal is to determine the drag force. The parameters of the problem are set so that the Reynolds number is small and the radius of the sphere is also small, thus the theoretical solution can be reached - Stokes flow (G. G. Stokes 1851).
在验算示例中比较了使用规范 EN 1991-1-4 和使用 RWIND Simulation 中的 CFD 模拟对双坡屋顶建筑物的风荷载进行计算。 The building is defined according to the sketch, and the inflow velocity profile is taken according to the standard EN 1991-1-4.
在验算示例中比较了欧洲规范EN 1991-1-4和使用RWIND Simulation中的CFD模拟计算一栋平屋面建筑物的风荷载。 The building is defined according to the sketch, and the inflow velocity profile is taken according to the standard EN 1991-1-4.
在两个同心圆柱体的两个半径半径之间的各向同性预应力拉伸膜,该预应力位于一个不与竖轴平行的平面上。 Find the final minimum shape of the membrane - the helicoid - and determine the surface area of the resulting membrane. The add-on module RF-FORM-FINDING is used for this purpose. Elastic deformations are neglected both in RF-FORM-FINDING and in the analytical solution; self-weight is also neglected in this example.
该验算示例是基于验算示例 0122 编写的. A single-mass system without damping is subjected to an axial loading force. An ideal elastic-plastic material with characteristics is assumed. Determine the time course of the end-point deflection, velocity, and acceleration.
圆柱形膜结构通过各向同性预应力被拉伸。 Find the final minimal shape of the membrane - catenoid. Determine the maximum radial deflection of the membrane. The add-on module RF-FORM-FINDING is used for this purpose. Elastic deformations are neglected both in RF-FORM-FINDING and in the analytical solution; self-weight is also neglected in this example.
一个对称的浅结构结构,由八个相同的桁架构件组成,这些桁架嵌在铰支座中。 The structure is loaded by a concentrated force and alternatively by imposed nodal deformation over the critical limit point when the snap-through occurs. Imposed nodal deformation is used in RFEM 5 and RSTAB 8 to obtain the full equilibrium path of the snap-through. The self-weight is neglected in this example. Determine the relationship between the actual loading force and the deflection, considering large deformation analysis. Evaluate the load factor at the given deflections.
绳索上的施加荷载都为均匀荷载。 This causes the deformed shape in the form of the circular segment. Determine the equilibrium force of the cable to obtain the given sag of the cable. The add-on module RF-FORM-FINDING is used for this purpose. Elastic deformations are neglected both in RF-FORM-FINDING and in the analytical solution; self-weight is also neglected in this example.
球形球形膜充满压力和体积(这些值仅用于有限元模型定义)的气体。 Determine the overpressure inside the balloon due to the given isotropic membrane prestress. The add-on module RF-FORM-FINDING is used for this purpose. Elastic deformations are neglected both in RF-FORM-FINDING and in the analytical solution; self-weight is also neglected in this example.
该结构由四个桁架杆件组成,桁架铰接。 The structure is loaded by a concentrated force and alternatively by imposed nodal deformation over the critical limit point, when snap-through occurs. Imposed nodal deformation is used in RFEM 5 and RSTAB 8 to obtain the full equilibrium path of the snap-through. The self-weight is neglected in this example. Determine the relationship between the actual loading force and the deflection, considering large deformation analysis. Evaluate the load factor at given deflections.
截面为 ASTM A992 W 18×50 的梁用于跨度和均布活荷载,如图 1 所示。 The member is limited to a maximum nominal depth of 18 inches. The live load deflection is limited to L/360. The beam is simply supported and continuously braced. Verify the available flexural strength of the selected beam, based on LRFD and ASD.
在两个支座之间悬挂一根非常刚的绳索。 Determine the equilibrium shape of the cable (the catenary), consider the gravitational acceleration, and neglect the stiffness of the cable. Verify the position of the cable at the given test points.
布置了一块正交各向异性的矩形薄板,并施加均布压力。 The directions of axes x and y coincide with the principal directions. While neglecting self-weight, determine the maximum deflection of the plate.
柱由截面混凝土(矩形100/200)和钢截面(截面 I 200)组成。 It is subjected to pressure force. Determine the critical load and corresponding load factor. The theoretical solution is based on the buckling of a simple beam. In this case, two regions have to be taken into account due to different moments of inertia and material properties.
施加阻尼器的单质量系统受到恒定的力。 Determine the spring force, damping force, and inertial force at the given test time. In this verification example, the Kelvin--Voigt dashpot (namely, a spring and a damper element in serial connection) is decomposed into its purely viscous and purely elastic parts, in order to better evaluate the reaction forces.
对该梁施加面外力,其截面为矩形截面。 This force causes a bending moment, torsional moment, and transverse force. While neglecting self-weight, determine the total deflection of the curved beam.
曲线梁由两个截面为矩形的梁组成。 The horizontal beam is loaded by distributed loading. While neglecting self-weight, determine the maximum stress on the top surface of the horizontal beam.
一个薄壁圆锥形容器中充满水。 Thus, it is loaded by hydrostatic pressure. While neglecting self-weight, determine the stresses in the surface line and circumferential direction. The analytical solution is based on the theory of thin-walled vessels. This theory was introduced in Verification Example 0084.
向紧密盘绕的螺旋弹簧施加压力。 The spring has middle diameter D, wire diameter d, and it consists of i turns. The total length of the spring is L. Determine the total deflection of the spring for the member model and one‑turn deflection for the solid model.
本文模拟了一个受压壳屋面结构,其中直线边缘为自由边缘,弯曲边缘约束 y 方向和 z 方向平移边缘。 Neglecting self‑weight, compute the maximum (absolute) vertical deflection, and compare the results with COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3.
该梁固定在矩形截面,并在其作用下竖向固定偏心。 Considering the small deformation theory, neglecting the self‑weight, and assuming that the beam is made of isotropic elastic material, determine the maximum deflection.
定义一个简单振动器,由质量 m(只考虑 x 方向)和刚度为 k 的弹簧组成。 The mass is embedded on a surface with Coulomb friction and is loaded by constant-in-time axial and transverse forces.
一种双金属带材,由茵瓦钢和铜组成。 The left end of the bimetallic strip is fixed, and the right end is free, loaded by temperature difference. While neglecting self-weight, determine the deflection of the bimetallic strip (free end).
桁架结构由一钢两根铜杆组成。 The structure is loaded by a concentrated force and a temperature difference. While neglecting self‑weight, determine the total deflection of the structure.
双质量系统由两个轴和两个质量组成,它们的质量是在一定距离处的集中质量,这些质量和惯性矩作为节点质量。 The left shaft is fixed, and the right mass is free. Neglecting the self‑weight of the shafts, determine the torsional natural frequencies of the system.
该类型的悬臂梁截面为矩形,在端部有一个质量块。 Furthermore, it is loaded by an axial force. Calculate the natural frequency of the structure. Neglect the self‑weight of the cantilever and consider the influence of the axial force for the stiffness modification.
在简支梁的跨中有一个短暂的集中力。 Considering only the small deformation theory and assuming that the mass of the beam is concentrated at its mid‑span, determine its maximum deflection.
一栋两层单跨框架结构处于地震作用下。 The modulus of elasticity and cross‑section of the frame beams are much larger than those of the columns, so the beams can be considered rigid. The elastic response spectrum is given by the standard SIA 261/1:2003. Neglecting self-weight and assuming the lumped masses are at the floor levels, determine the natural frequencies of the structure. For each frequency obtained, specify the standardized displacements of the floors as well as equivalent forces generated using the elastic response spectrum according to the standard SIA 261/1.2003.
该示例是验算示例 0061 的修改版;唯一的区别是容器的材料是不可压缩的。 An open‑ended, thick‑walled vessel is loaded by both inner and outer pressure. While neglecting self‑weight, the radial deflection of the inner and the outer radius is determined.
一个两端开口的双层厚壁容器承受内部和外部压力; ,即正应力为零。 While neglecting self‑weight, the radial deflection of the inner and outer radius, and the pressure (radial stress) in the middle radius is determined.
对厚壁容器施加内部压力,使得该容器达到弹塑性状态。 While neglecting self‑weight, the analytical and numerical solutions for the radial position of the plastic zone border (under the Tresca hypothesis) are determined and compared.
施加在均匀分布的横向荷载作用下的边界椭圆型板的屈曲现象。 Assuming the small deformation theory and neglecting the self‑weight, the maximum out‑of‑plane deflection of the plate is determined.
在其上端固定一根截面为正方形的拉杆。 The rod is loaded by self-weight. For comparison, the example is also modeled with the concentrated force load, the value of which is equal to the gravity. The aim of this verification example is to show the difference between these types of loading, although the total loading force is equal.
光盘 (CD) 的旋转速度为 10 000 rpm。 Therefore, it is subjected to centrifugal force. The problem is modeled as a quarter model. Determine the tangential stress on the inner and outer diameters and the radial deflection of the outer radius.
本例题介绍的是膜板约束。 The application is shown on a two-story structure. The structure is loaded by means of lateral forces according to Figure 1. Determine the maximum deflection of the structure ux in the direction of the loading forces using both the diaphragm constraint and the plate model of the floor.
本示例介绍由摩擦引起的不可逆过程。 After the loading and unloading, the end-point is in a different position than where it was at the beginning. Determine the movement of the node in the X direction.
在均布荷载作用下,砌体墙上截面的中间位置。 The Isotropic Masonry 2D material model is compared with the Isotropic Linear Elastic model, with surface stiffness property Without Tension in the nonlinear calculation.
一个悬臂梁,在右端施加横向和轴向的力,在左端完全固定连接。 The problem is described by the following set of parameters. The problem is solved by using the geometrically linear analysis, second-order analysis, and large deformation analysis.
该结构由两个不等长的桁架梁组成,通过铰支座进行连接。 The structure is loaded by concentrated force. The self-weight is neglected. Determine the relationship between the loading force and the deflection, considering large deformations.
左端是一个完全固定的工字形截面结构,右端是嵌在可滑动支座中的结构。 The structure consists of two segments. The self-weight is neglected in this example. Determine the maximum deflection of the structure, the bending moment on the fixed end, the rotation of segment 2, and the reaction force at point B by means of the geometrically linear analysis and the second-order analysis. The verification example is based on the example introduced by Gensichen and Lumpe.
一个 QRO 型薄壁悬臂梁左端完全固定,并且翘曲激活。 The cantilever is subjected to torque. Small deformations are considered, and the self-weight is neglected. Determine the maximum rotation, primary moment, secondary moment, and warping moment. The verification example is based on the example introduced by Gensichen and Lumpe.
悬臂在其自由端施加一个弯矩。 Using the geometrically linear analysis and large deformation analysis, and neglecting the beam's self-weight, determine the maximum deflections at the free end. The verification example is based on the example introduced by Gensichen and Lumpe.
在给定的边界条件下,杆件受到扭矩和轴力。 Neglecting its self-weight, determine the beam's maximum torsional deformation as well as its inner torsional moment, defined as the sum of a primary torsional moment and torsional moment caused by the normal force. Provide a comparison of those values while assuming or neglecting the influence of the normal force. The verification example is based on the example introduced by Gensichen and Lumpe.
施加集中质量的细长梁,并施加一个随时间变化的力。 It is simply supported. The problem is described using the following parameters. Determine the deflections in the given test times.
通过周期函数对悬臂梁(SDOF 体系)进行时程分析。 Vertical deformations and accelerations calculated with direct integration and modal analysis in RF‑/DYNAM Pro - Forced Vibrations are compared with the analytical solution.
对两端由两块钢板加固的木梁施加压力。 The wood fibers are parallel to the upper loaded side of the beam. The plastic surface is described according to the Tsai-Wu plasticity theory.
四根固定在底部的立柱,上部通过一个刚性试块相互连接。 The block is loaded by pressure and modeled by an elastic material with a high modulus of elasticity. The outer columns are modeled by linear elastic material and the inner columns by a stress-strain diagram with decaying dependence. Assuming only the small deformation theory and neglecting the structure's self-weight, determine its maximum deflection.
计算在悬臂梁自由端将杆件弯曲成圆形的弯矩。 Neglecting the beam's self-weight, assuming the large deformation analysis, and loading the cantilever with the moment, determine its maximum deflections.
该结构由两个桁架梁组成, The structure is loaded by concentrated force. The self-weight is neglected. Determine the relationship between the loading force and the deflection, considering large deformations.
该结构由 I 型桁架组成,两端通过弹簧支撑,并承受横向力。 The self-weight is neglected in this example. Determine the deflection of the structure, the bending moment, the normal force in the given test points, and the horizontal deflection of the spring supports.
梁在左端完全固定(限制翘曲),在右端由叉形支座支承(允许翘曲)。 The beam is subjected to a torque, longitudinal force, and transverse force. Determine the behavior of the primary torsional moment, secondary torsional moment, and warping moment. The verification example is based on the example introduced by Gensichen and Lumpe.
在两端铰接的梁的中间施加集中力。 Neglecting its self-weight and shear stiffness, determine the beam's maximum deflection, normal force, and moment at the mid-span, assuming the second- and third-order analysis.
左端支承一个 I 形截面的悬臂梁,图中显示了扭矩荷载。 The aim of this example is to compare the fixed support with the fork support and to investigate the behavior of some representative quantities. Comparison is also made to the solution by means of plates. Small deformations are considered, and the self-weight is neglected. Determine the rotation in the midpoint of the cantilever, and in case of the member entity with warping, determine the values of the primary torsional moment, the secondary torsional moment, and the warping moment both on the left end (point A) and the right end (point B).
考虑脚手架圆管连接节点受到轴力和弯矩的作用。 Self-weight is not considered. The material of the tube is idealized as perfectly rigid. All geometrical non-linearities are ignored. Determine the angle of deflection.
定义悬臂梁为工字形,截面长度为 L。 The beam has five mass points with masses m acting in the X-direction. The self-weight is neglected. The frequencies, mode shapes, and equivalent loads of this 5-DOF system are analytically calculated and compared with the results from RSTAB and RFEM.
在一根方形截面的钢梁上施加轴力和均布荷载。 The image shows the calculation of the maximum bending deflection and critical load factor according to the second-order analysis.
对该钢梁施加铰接,并在另一端进行弹簧支承。 Two cases with different spring stiffnesses are considered. The verification example solves the calculation of the load factors of the beam in the image using the linear stability analysis.
在两端固定一个三维的弹塑性材料块。 The block's middle plane is subjected to a pressure load. The surface plasticity is described according to the Tsai-Wu plasticity theory.
计算两端固定的三维试块的最大挠度。 The block is divided in the middle: the upper half is made of an elastic material and the lower part is made of timber - an elasto-plastic othotropic material with the yield surface described according to the Tsai-Wu plasticity theory. The block's middle plane is subjected to vertical pressure.
计算底部四根柱子的最大挠度, The block is loaded by pressure and modeled by an elastic material with a high modulus of elasticity. The outer columns are modeled as orthotropic elastic material, and the inner columns as orthotropic elastic-plastic material with the same elastic parameters as the outer columns and plasticity properties defined according to the Tsai-Wu plasticity theory.
对两端由两块钢板加固的木梁施加压力。 The wood fibers are parallel to the upper loaded side of the beam. The plastic surface is described according to the Tsai-Wu plasticity theory.
证明耦合不同尺寸的单元不会影响结果。 A cantilever with a rectangular cross-section is fixed at one end and loaded at the other by concentrated forces. Neglecting its self-weight and assuming only small deformations, determine the cantilever's maximum deflections.