Diagrams of the three subfactors of the activation factor—capacity, angle, and position—of the local anisotropic tension stiffening extension
Diagrams of the three subfactors of the activation factor—capacity, angle, and position—of the local anisotropic tension stiffening extension
2026-09-17
064975

Tension Stiffening | Activation Factor: Capacity, Angle, and Position

Diagrams of the three subfactors of the activation factor—capacity, angle, and position—of the local anisotropic tension stiffening extension
Three-part graphic showing the multiplicative partial factors of the activation factor Δα_j,k. Part a shows the capacity factor g_j as a function of the equivalent strain of the reinforcement: It remains at 1 up to the crack strain and then drops to 0 up to the yield strain; the distribution depends on the exponent n_VMB; in the modified Quast method, the displacement due to the crack strain is omitted. Part b shows the angle factor a_j,k as cos² (principal direction 1) and sin² (principal direction 2) as a function of the angle between the reinforcement direction and principal direction 1, with three sketches for 0, 45, and 90 degrees. Part c shows the position factor p_j: fully effective within the influence zone on both sides of the reinforcement (influence distance c_j); outside this zone, it depends on the ratio of the equivalent strains at the reinforcement and in the concrete layer, displayed for an exemplary linear strain diagram with cross-sectional strips.
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