Formula 5
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Knowledge Base
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Product Feature
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In the existing standard, there were no regulations for the distribution of snow loads for elevated solar thermal and photovoltaic systems on roofs. Only distribution of the loads was advised. It was only with the National Annex DIN EN 1991-1-3/NA: 2019-04 that specific regulations were made for this.
Buildings often have extensions. If the roof levels are not at the same height, this height difference (if more than 0.5 m) must additionally be considered for the snow load assumption.
In Germany, DIN EN 1991-1-3 with National Annex DIN EN 1991-1-3/NA regulates snow loads. The standard applies to civil engineering works at altitudes of up to 1,500 m above sea level.
Bei der Funktion "Schneelasten generieren" besteht die Möglichkeit der Berücksichtigung des Schneeüberhangs. Die Last des Schneeüberhangs wird dabei mittels einer Streckenlast beziehungsweise mehrerer Knotenlasten automatisch an der Dachtraufe angesetzt.
Snow loads can be generated as member loads on flat/monopitch roofs and duopitch roofs.
Additional snow loads such as drifted snow loads, snow overhangs, and snow guards can be taken into account as well.
The following standards are available:
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EN 1991-1-3 (incl. National Annexes) -
DIN 1055-5 -
CTE DB-SE-AE -
ASCE/SEI 7-16
Do you have individual column sections and angled wall geometries, and need punching shear design for them?
No problem. In RFEM 6, you can perform punching shear design not only for rectangular and circular sections, but for any cross-section shape.
For a response spectrum analysis of building models, you can display the sensitivity coefficients for the horizontal directions by story.
These key figures allow you to interpret the sensitivity to stability effects.
The modal relevance factor (MRF) can help you to assess to which extent specific elements participate in a specific mode shape. The calculation is based on the relative elastic deformation energy of each individual member.
The MRF can be used to distinguish between local and global mode shapes. If multiple individual members show significant MRF (for example, > 20%), the instability of the entire structure or a substructure is very likely. On the other hand, if the sum of all MRFs for an eigenmode is around 100%, a local stability phenomenon (for example, buckling of a single bar) can be expected.
Furthermore, the MRF can be used to determine critical loads and equivalent buckling lengths of certain members (for example, for stability design). Mode shapes for which a specific member has small MRF values (for example, < 20%) can be neglected in this context.
The MRF is displayed by mode shape in the result table under Stability Analysis → Results by Members → Effective Lengths and Critical Loads.
How can I switch to full-screen mode on the Geo-Zone Tool website "Snow Load, Wind Speed, and Seismic Load Maps"?
Where can I find the exact standard description for the "map" component of the Geo-Zone Tool web service query?
I noticed deviations from my sources in the online service "Snow Load, Wind Speed, and Seismic Load Maps". Where can I find information about the sources of your online service?
I noticed deviations from the map of DIN EN 1998‑1 or DIN 4149 in the online service "Geo-Zone Tool: Snow Load, Wind Speed, and Seismic Load Maps". Can you tell me which map is current and thus governing?
The online service "Snow Load, Wind Speed, and Seismic Load Maps" displays the snow load zones 1*, 1a*, 2*, and 3* for Germany. Where are these snow load zones defined?
Why is the load value displayed in the online service "Geo-Zone Tool: Snow Load, Wind Speed, and Seismic Load Maps" different from the value in the corresponding standard in some cases?
