Eccentricity due to Imperfections

e_{i} = θ_{i} \cdot \frac{l_{0}}{2}

θ_{i} = θ_{0} \cdot α_{h} \cdot α_{m}

θ_{0} = \frac{1}{200}

\frac{2}{3} \leq α_{h} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{l}} \leq 1

α_{m} = \sqrt{0.5 \cdot (1 + \frac{1}{m})}

e_i	eccentricity due to imperfections
θ_i	overall inclination of structure
θ₀	basis value recommended by NA
α_h	reduction coefficient relating to length
α_m	reduction coefficient relating to number of elements where m is number of vertical elements contributing to total effect

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