|
Mxp |
Primary torsional moment |
|
Vy, Vz |
Shear forces in direction of the y-axis or z-axis |
|
θ |
Rotation angle of the cross-section |
|
ϑ |
Warping per length unit |
|
γy, γz |
Average shear strains |
Shear-Torsion Stiffness Relation
;