Special Cross-Section

Compliance with building codes, such as Eurocode, is essential to ensure the safety, structural integrity, and sustainability of buildings and structures. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) plays a vital role in this process by simulating fluid behavior, optimizing designs, and helping architects and engineers meet Eurocode requirements related to wind load analysis, natural ventilation, fire safety, and energy efficiency. By integrating CFD into the design process, professionals can create safer, more efficient, and compliant buildings that meet the highest standards of construction and design in Europe.

In computational fluid dynamics (CFD), complex surfaces that are not completely solid can be modeled using porous or permeability media. In the actual world, examples of such things include windbreak fabric structures, wire meshes, perforated facades and claddings, louvers, tube banks (stacks of horizontal cylinders), and so on.

Windbreak structures are special types of fabric structures which protect the environment from harmful chemical particles, abate wind erosion, and help to maintain valuable sources. RFEM and RWIND are used for wind-structure analysis as one-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI). This article demonstrates how to structural design windbreak structures using RFEM and RWIND.

Compared to the RF-FORM-FINDING add-on module (RFEM 5), the following new features have been added to the Form-Finding add-on for RFEM 6:

• Specification of all form-finding load boundary conditions in one load case
• Storage of form-finding results as initial state for further model analysis
• Automatic assignment of the form-finding initial state via combination wizards to all load situations of a design situation
• Additional form-finding geometry boundary conditions for members (unstressed length, maximum vertical sag, low-point vertical sag)
• Additional form-finding load boundary conditions for members (maximum force in member, minimum force in member, horizontal tension component, tension at i-end, tension at j-end, minimum tension at i-end, minimum tension at j-end)
• Material types "Fabric" and "Foil" in material library
• Parallel form-findings in one model
• Simulation of sequentially building form-finding states in connection with the Construction Stages Analysis (CSA) add-on

Compared to the RF-/STEEL Warping Torsion add-on module (RFEM 5 / RSTAB 8), the following new features have been added to the Torsional Warping (7 DOF) add-on for RFEM 6 / RSTAB 9:

• Complete integration into the environment of RFEM 6 and RSTAB 9
• 7th degree of freedom is directly taken into account in the calculation of members in RFEM/RSTAB on the entire system
• No more need to define support conditions or spring stiffnesses for calculation on the simplified equivalent system
• Combination with other add-ons is possible, for example for the calculation of critical loads for torsional buckling and lateral-torsional buckling with stability analysis
• No restriction to thin-walled steel sections (it is also possible to calculate ideal overturning moments for beams with massive timber sections, for example)

Compared to the RF‑/DYNAM Pro - Natural Vibrations add-on module (RFEM 5 / RSTAB 8), the following new features have been added to the Modal Analysis add-on for RFEM 6 / RSTAB 9:

• Preset combination coefficients for various standards (EC 8, ASCE, and so on)
• Optional neglect of masses (for example, mass of foundations)
• Methods for determining the number of mode shapes (user-defined, automatic - to reach effective modal mass factors, automatic - to reach the maximum natural frequency)
• Output of modal masses, effective modal masses, modal mass factors, and participation factors
• Masses in mesh points displayed in tables and graphics
• Various scaling options for mode shapes in the Result navigator