892x

2023-09-21

Plate Effect of Timber Panel Walls with Openings

The main question of this Master's thesis is how wall openings influence the plate-like effect of timber panel walls. In order to answer this question, we will first discuss timber panel construction in general terms and explain its special features with regard to horizontal load transfer. Furthermore, the generally accepted codes of practice are explained, focusing mainly on German standards and construction rules, but a North American design method is also discussed. This design method makes it possible to design timber panel walls with openings with more favorable input values than is the case in Europe, provided that certain design rules are observed.

Author	Josua Sickinger
University	HafenCity University Hamburg, Germany

The initial question is answered using a parametric study. The methodical approach of the parameter study is based on finite element modeling, which is described in great detail and checked for plausibility. The necessary number of wall models for the parameter study is generated by programming a tool with a visual programming language. The evaluation of the parameter study allows for making correlations between the geometry of a timber panel wall with an opening, and the deformation of the wall under a constant load. In addition to the area of the opening and the geometry of the opening, it has been shown that the positioning of the opening in relation to the rib grid of the wall affects the stiffness. The opening height can also have a strong influence on the stiffness, although it is not included in the design according to Eurocode 5.

Finally, the individual wall structures are analyzed in more detail for possible reinforcement according to the North American construction model. The analysis showed that the reinforcement is particularly useful for walls with high loading. First hypotheses are made for a final evaluation of the significance and the question to which improvement the reinforcement leads. In addition to these hypotheses, data gaps in the field of fasteners that were uncovered during finite-element modeling also provide opportunities for research.

Links

Structural Analysis and Design Software for Timber Structures

Downloads

Complete Master's Thesis (PDF)

19.98 MB

Do you have any questions?

Events

2024-04-30

Online Training

RFEM 6 | Students | Introduction to Timber Design

2024-05-02

Construction Stages in Membrane Structures with RFEM 6

Webinar

Construction Stages in Membrane Structures with RFEM 6

2024-05-08

Online Training

RFEM 6 | Students | Introduction to Reinforced Concrete Design

2024-05-08

$Cross-Section Modeling and \n Stress Analysis in RSECTION 1$

Webinar

Cross-Section Modeling and Stress Analysis in RSECTION 1

2024-05-15

Online Training

RFEM 6 | Students | Introduction to Steel Design

2024-05-16

Consideration of Construction Stages in RFEM 6

Webinar

Consideration of Construction Stages in RFEM 6

2024-05-23

Most Frequently Asked Questions Answered by Dlubal Support Team

Webinar

Most Frequently Asked Questions Answered by Dlubal Support Team | May 2024

2024-05-29

$Steel Structures in RFEM 6 \n Part 1: Modeling, Load Input$

Webinar

Modeling and Design of Steel Structures in RFEM 6 | Part 1: Modeling, Load Input

2024-06-06

$Steel Structures in RFEM 6 \n Part 2: Combinations, Design, Documentation$

Webinar

Modeling and Design of Steel Structures in RFEM 6 | Part 2: Combinations, Design, Documentation

2024-06-20

Webinar

Most Frequently Asked Questions Answered by Dlubal Support Team | June 2024

2024-10-16

Online Training

RFEM 6 | Students | Introduction to Member Design

2024-10-23

Online Training

RSECTION 1 | Students | Introduction to Strength of Materials

Videos

FAQ 005494 | How can I model a timber beam with stiffening on both sides? (splice)

FAQ

FAQ 005494 | How can I model a timber beam with stiffening on both sides? (splice)

Length: 00:01:22 min

Product Feature

Fire Resistance Design of Surfaces for EN 1995, SIA 265, NDS, and CSA O86

Length: 00:00:56 min

Event

Webinar | Timber Floor Calculations in RFEM 6

Length: 00:55:27 min

Event

RFEM 6 for Students | Introduction to Timber Design | November 29, 2023

Length: 01:10:03 min

Product Feature

Cross‑Section Optimization

Length: 00:00:56 min

Event

Webinar | Introduction to RFEM 6 and RSTAB 9 | Part 2: Combinatorics, Design, Documentation

Length: 01:01:40 min

Event

Webinar | Member and Surface Design of Timber Components in RFEM 6

Length: 01:10:01 min

Knowledge Base

KB 001819 | Deflection Analysis of Member Elements

Length: 00:04:18 min

Product Feature

Design of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Members According to EN 1995-1-1

Length: 00:00:45 min

Playlist

Models to Download

316x

24x

Graduation Thesis 000472 | Plate Effect of Timber Panel Walls with Openings

379x

82x

Timber Frame Building

Model 004809 | Cross-Laminated Timber Building

360x

54x

Cross-Laminated Timber Building

202x

24x

Timber Slab

Model 004717 | Ceiling with Line Releases

247x

26x

Ceiling with Line Releases

Model 004707 | Office Building of Municipal Works in Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany

269x

Office Building Timber Structure with Reinforced Concrete Elements

473x

Timber Industrial Hall Siegrist Igor Carpenteria

455x

50x

Trussed Roof

471x

58x

Timber-Concrete Building

Knowledge Base Articles

KB 001825 | WebService & API for Analysis of Construction Stages

When calculating regular structures, data input is often not complicated but time-consuming. Input automation can save valuable time. The task described in the present article is to consider the stories of a house as single construction stages. Data is entered using a C# program so that the user does not have to enter the elements of the individual floors manually.

For the stability verification of members using the equivalent member method, it is necessary to define effective or lateral-torsional buckling lengths in order to determine a critical load for stability failure. In this article an RFEM 6-specific function is presented, by which you can assign an eccentricity to the nodal supports and thus influence the determination of the critical bending moment considered in the stability analysis.

KB 001759 | Consideration of Second-Order Effects in RFEM 6 and RSTAB 9

Consideration of p-δ Second-Order Effects in RFEM 6 and RSTAB 9

A standard scenario in timber member construction is the ability to connect smaller members by means of bearing on a larger girder member. Additionally, member end conditions may include a similar situation where the beam is bearing on a support type. In either scenario, the beam must be designed to consider the bearing capacity perpendicular to the grain according to NDS 2018 Sec. 3.10.2 and CSA O86:19 Clauses 6.5.6 and 7.5.9. In general structural design software, it is typically not possible to carry out this full design check, as the bearing area is unknown. However, in the new generation RFEM 6 and Timber Design add-on, the added 'design supports' feature now allows users to comply with the NDS and CSA bearing perpendicular to the grain design checks.

Screenshots

Plate Effect of Timber Panel Walls with Openings

This image shows a user interface of the RFEM 6 software, which is used for the structural analysis and design. In the main area of the interface, there is a complex 3D model of a timber structure, presented in two different styles: before and after the deformation.

Global Deformation – Before and After Position of Timber Structure Due to Wind Forces in RFEM 6 | Knies Magician's Hat in Rapperswil, Switzerland © Ghisleni Partner AG

Global Deformation of Timber Structure Due to Wind Forces in RFEM 6 | Knies Magician's Hat in Rapperswil, Switzerland © Ghisleni Partner AG

RFEM Model of Palazzo Meridia Office and Retail Building in Nice, France | © Architecture-Studio

Tower Structure with Wind Load Generation in RFEM 6

Timber Structure with Wind Load Generation in RFEM 6 | © STATIC Solution s.r.o

The construction of a gym in Metz | © KL-Architectes

Definition of Timber Panel Element

Dialog Box "Edit Surface", Tab "Timber Design - Types"

Model 004717 | Ceiling with Line Releases

Product Features

Using the "Beam Panel" thickness type, you can model timber panel elements in 3D space. You just specify the surface geometry and the timber panel elements are generated using an internal member-surface construct, including the simulation of the connection flexibility.

Go to Explanatory Video

Feature 002615 | Cross-Laminated Timber Manufacturer Library for USA, Canada, and Switzerland

Among others, the following cross-laminated timber manufacturers are available in the layer structure library:

Binderholz (USA)
KLH (USA, CAN)
Kalesnikoff (USA, CAN)
Nordic Structures (USA, CAN)
Mercer Mass Timber
SmartLam
Sterling Structural
Superstructures listed in Lignatec Edition 32 "Cross-Laminated Timber of Swiss Production"

By importing a structure from the layer structure library, all relevant parameters are adopted automatically. The library is continually updated.

Feature 002668 | Curved Section Distributions

Would you like to calculate curved beams (for example, made of glued-laminated timber)? For this purpose, you can use various section distributions for members:

Curved
Pitched cambered beam with constant height
Pitched cambered beam with variable height
Fish beam | Parabolic

Go to Explanatory Video

For design supports, you can take into account a shear force reduction. This allows you to perform the shear design with the governing shear force at a distance of the beam height from the support edge.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Which Dlubal software products do you recommend for the structural analysis and design of timber structures in particular?

How can I model a timber beam with stiffening on both sides? (splice)

How can I generate an area load on members via cells in RFEM 6 or RSTAB 9?

Which programs do I need for laminate and sandwich structures, or cross-laminated timber (CLT)?

Which Dlubal Software programs can I use to calculate and design timber structures?

How can I connect surfaces to other surfaces or members in a hinged/semi-rigid way?
What are Line Hinges and Line Releases?

Recommended Products for You

RFEM 6 | Main Program RFEM 6

RFEM 6

Main Program

The new generation of 3D FEA software is used for the structural analysis of members, surfaces, and solids.

Price of First License 4,170.00 USD

RFEM 6 | Design

Timber Design for RFEM 6

Add-On

The Timber Design add-on performs the ultimate, serviceability, and fire resistance limit state design checks of timber members according to various standards.

Price of First License 1,930.00 USD

RFEM 6 | Additional Analysis

Structure Stability for RFEM 6

Add-On

The Structure Stability add-on performs stability analysis of structures. It determines critical load factors and the corresponding stability modes.

Price of First License 1,300.00 USD

RSTAB 9 | Main Program RSTAB 9

RSTAB 9

Structural Frame and Truss Analysis Software

Main Program

The modern 3D structural analysis and design program is suitable for the structural and dynamic analysis of beam structures as well as the design of concrete, steel, timber, and other materials.

Price of First License 2,910.00 USD

RSTAB 9 | Design

Timber Design for RSTAB 9

Add-On

The Timber Design add-on performs the ultimate, serviceability, and fire resistance limit state design checks of timber members according to various standards.

Price of First License 1,930.00 USD

RX-TIMBER 2 | Timber Structures

RX-TIMBER Glued-Laminated Beam 2