In modern structural and wind engineering, the accurate determination of wind loads plays a decisive role in ensuring the safety, serviceability, and economic efficiency of buildings and civil infrastructure. Traditionally, engineers have relied on code-based static wind load calculations such as those outlined in Eurocode 1991-1-4 or ASCE 7-22 to determine design loads. These approaches use simplified analytical formulas derived from wind tunnel experiments and empirical data, providing standardized load cases that are generally sufficient for conventional structures.
However, with the rise of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in engineering practice, a powerful alternative has emerged that offers far greater insight and precision. CFD wind simulations are increasingly recognized not only in research but also in applied engineering design, particularly for complex and wind-sensitive structures.