Multi-Story Residential Buildings in Krakow, Poland
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| Structural Engineering |
MGM Konstrukcje Inżynierskie s.c. Kraków, Poland www.mgm-ki.pl |
These designed multi-story residential buildings with commercial units on the ground floor and a one‑story underground parking garage are located in Krakow, Poland.
Construction
The four buildings are connected by expansion joints in the aboveground part, but have a common foundation plate. The three higher segments (two on the outer sides and one in the middle), with a height of 167.6 ft, consist of 16 aboveground floors. The fourth segment has a height of about 85 ft and has 8 storys. All segments have a common underground level extending beyond the outline of the aboveground structure.
Maisonettes are designed for the last 16 floors in each of the higher segments (the second levels are mezzanines).
At the garage level, the building is 316.8 ft long and 177.2 ft wide (in the curved part) and 93.2 ft (in other areas). At ground level the dimensions of the left segment are 143 × 171 ft and 139.5 × 68.9 ft for the right segment. The height of the underground garages varies (in the top levels of ceilings) from 12.3 to 5.1 ft. The height of the commercial part changes from 9.8 ft to 12.6 ft.
The foundation plate is 39 3/8 in thick in the residential part and 31 1/2 in in the courtyard (with local thickening in the column areas and passageways). The exterior garage walls are reinforced concrete with a thickness of 9 27/32 in.
The underground floor located at the garage level is designed entirely as a monolithic slab with a slab-column system, with deep beams used as columns. Reinforced concrete walls were introduced at the entrance area of the garages and work as stiffeners in the vehicle traffic area – staircases and lift cores, as well as separating the technical facilities. The internal reinforced concrete walls are generally 9 27/32 in thick, no less than 7 7/8 in. The thicknesses of the lift core walls is 5 29/32 in.
The aboveground floors are designed as a combined slab-wall system. At the ground floor, the system is complemented with columns. All floor slabs are designed as monolithic reinforced concrete slabs.
At the ground floor level, there are slabs designed with a thickness of 8 21/32 in in the commercial part and 11 13/16 in over the parts of the garage which extend beyond the outer walls of the aboveground structure. The floor slabs are 8 21/32 in thick and are designed as continuous, cross-reinforced slabs.
The structural system for the residential part is a slab-wall system. Where it was possible, the load-bearing walls on the last 5 floors of every segment are designed as masonry walls from silicate blocks.
Individual dwellings are separated by non-load-bearing masonry walls from silicate blocks. The balcony and loggia slabs on residential floors are 7 3/32 in thick. The stairway walls are made of reinforced concrete with a thickness of 7 7/8 in to 9 27/32 in. The flights of stairs which run through all floors are designed as two flights with 7 3/32 in thickness for the landings and stairs.
Each segment of the structure is rigid because of the combination of the reinforced concrete walls that separate dwellings and the reinforced concrete walls of the vehicle traffic areas of the parking garage.
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