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In CRANEWAY 8, you can design suspension cranes according to EN 1993-6. For the design, it is necessary to determine the local bending stresses in the lower flange due to wheel loads according to EN 1993‑6, Clause 5.8.
The RF-/STEEL EC3 add‑on module allows for the fire protection design of structural steel components. The simplified analysis is performed by determining the steel temperature iteratively for a particular point of time.
- 000487
- Modeling | Structure
- RFEM 5
-
- RF-STEEL 5
- RF-STEEL AISC 5
- RF-STEEL AS 5
- RF-STEEL BS 5
- RF-STEEL CSA 5
- RF-STEEL EC3 5
- RF-STEEL GB 5
- RF-STEEL HK 5
- RF-STEEL IS 5
- RF-STEEL NBR 5
- RF-STEEL NTC-DF 5
- RF-STEEL SANS 5
- RF-STEEL SIA 5
- RF-STEEL SP 5
- RF-ALUMINUM 5
- RF-ALUMINUM ADM 5
- RSTAB 8
- STEEL 8
- STEEL AISC 8
- STEEL AS 8
- STEEL BS 8
- STEEL CSA 8
- STEEL EC3 8
- STEEL GB 8
- STEEL HK 8
- STEEL IS 8
- STEEL NBR 8
- STEEL NTC-DF 8
- STEEL SANS 8
- STEEL SIA 8
- STEEL SP 8
- ALUMINUM 8
- ALUMINUM ADM 8
- Steel Structures
- Process Manufacturing Plants
- Stairway Structures
- Structural Analysis & Design
- Eurocode 3
- ANSI/AISC 360
- SIA 263
- IS 800
- BS 5950-1
- GB 50017
- CSA S16
- AS 4100
- SP 16.13330
- SANS 10162-1
- ABNT NBR 800
- ADM
The support conditions of a beam subjected to bending are essential for its resistance to lateral-torsional buckling. If, for example, a single-span beam is held laterally in the middle of the span, the deflection of the compressed flange can be prevented, and a two-wave eigenmode can be enforced. The critical lateral-torsional buckling moment is increased significantly by this additional measure. In the add-on modules for member design, different types of lateral supports on a member can be defined using the "Intermediate supports" input window.
When using a welded profile, weld seam verification can also be carried out in RF-/STEEL EC3 as part of the design. The program performs the typical designs according to EN 1993‑1‑8.
When using interrupted welds between the rail and flange, make sure that the applied weld length does not exceed the length of the rigid load application of the wheel load according to Equation 6.1 in [1].
The final results of the designs of members and sets of members in the RF‑/STEEL EC3 add-on module can be displayed graphically in the work window of RFEM and RSTAB. By selecting the corresponding design case in the load case menu, the results contained in it are displayed.
When optimizing cross-sections in the add-on modules, you can also select arbitrarily defined cross-section favorites lists - in addition to the cross-sections from the same cross-section series as the original cross-section.
The classification of cross-sections according to EN 1993‑1‑1 and EN 1993‑1‑5 can be carried out automatically in the RF‑/STEEL EC3 add-on module. The maximum c/t ratios are specified in the standard for straight cross-section parts. There are no normative specifications for curved cross-section parts; therefore, the cross-section classification cannot be performed for these cross-section parts.
When connecting tension-loaded components with bolted connections, the cross-section reduction due to the bolt holes must be taken into account in the ultimate limit state design. This article describes how the design of the tension resistance according to DIN EN 1993‑1‑1 can be performed with the net cross-section area of the tension member in the RF‑/STEEL EC3 add-on module.
In the case of open cross-sections, the torsional load is removed mainly via secondary torsion, since the St. Venant torsional stiffness is low compared to the warping stiffness. Therefore, warping stiffeners in the cross-section are particularly interesting for the lateral-torsional buckling analysis, as they can significantly reduce the rotation. For this, end plates or welded stiffeners and sections are suitable.
According to Clause 6.2.2 (6) of EN 1993‑1‑8:2010‑12, you can apply friction using the friction coefficient to design the shear capacity.
The RF‑/STEEL EC3 add-on module automatically transfers the buckling line to be used for the flexural buckling analysis for a cross-section from the cross-section properties. The assignment of the buckling line can be adjusted manually in the module input for general cross-sections in particular, as well as for special cases.
Table 3.1 of EN 1993‑1‑8:2010‑12 defines the nominal values of the yield strength and the ultimate limit strength of bolts. The bolt classes given here are 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9. The note for this table states that the National Annex may exclude certain bolt classes. For the NA of Germany, these are the bolt classes 4.8, 5.8, and 6.8.
The same structures are often needed in several projects, such as the purlin with columns and braces in this example. The dimensions can be changed directly in RFEM or RSTAB by shifting the nodes.
In the RF‑/HSS add‑on module, you can analyze the connections for nodes at which hollow sections join. RF‑/HSS performs the ultimate limit state designs according to EN 1993‑1‑8:2005.
The Eurocode for DIN EN 1991‑1‑4:2010‑12 describes wind loads acting on structural systems.
For relatively large or relatively small surfaces, it can happen that the automatically created result values do not fit the model: In the case of large surfaces, there can be too many result values; in the case of small surfaces, too few.
In RF‑/STEEL EC3, you can assign the same input data to several members or sets of members at the same time. The simultaneous assignment of the input data is possible for intermediate supports, effective lengths, nodal supports, member end hinges, and shear panel and rotational restraint.
In PLATE‑BUCKLING 8, two options in the detail settings can be used to calculate the reduction factors of plate buckling.
In RFEM and RSTAB, snow drift is considered according to 5.3.4(3) of DIN EN 1991‑1‑3 for saw-tooth roofs.
In the default setting, the cross-section class for each member and load case is determined automatically in the design modules. In the input window of the cross sections, however, the user can also specify the cross-section class manually; for example, if local buckling is excluded by the design.
For the stability design of members and sets of members with a uniform cross-section, you can use the equivalent member method according to EN 1993-1-1, 6.3.1 to 6.3.3. However, as soon as a tapered cross-section is available, this method can no longer be used, or only used to a limited extent. The RF-/STEEL EC3 add-on module can automatically recognize these cases and switch to the general method.
The determined values for the influence ordinates are displayed as decimal numbers with up to six decimal places by default. This is usually sufficient for the influence lines of internal forces.
The automatic creation of combinations in RFEM and RSTAB with the "EN 1990 + EN 1991‑3; Cranes" option allows you to design crane runway beams as well as support loads on the rest of the structure.
The RF‑/STEEL EC3 add-on module can perform the design of fillet welds for all parametric, welded cross-sections of the cross-section library. For this, the option must be activated in the detail settings of the module. As an alternative, you can also use a surface model for the design.
In EN 1993-1-1, the General Method was introduced as a design format for stability analyses that can be applied to planar systems with arbitrary boundary conditions and variable structural height. The design checks can be performed for loading in the main load-bearing plane and simultaneous compression. The stability cases of lateral-torsional buckling and flexural buckling are analyzed from the main supporting plane; that is, about the weak component axis. Therefore, the issue often arises as to how to design, in this context, flexural buckling in the main load-bearing plane.
Occasionally, the question arises how to determine the correct load application point of the positive transverse loads in RF-/STEEL EC3 and RF-/STEEL AISC.
Very small torsional moments in the members to be designed often prevent certain design formats. In order to neglect them and still perform the designs, you can define a limit value in RF‑/STEEL EC3 from which torsional shear stresses are taken into account.
Parametric input allows you to enter the model data and load data in a specific way so they are dependent on certain variables (parameters). You can enter the parameters directly or calculate them from other parameters and constants, and furthermore, it is possible to access the cross-section values. This can be useful, for example, when calculating precambers, depending on the standard.
You can make various settings in order to achieve a clearly‑arranged display of the result values. For example, some users may not want the white background in text bubbles. You can adjust the background in "Display Properties" using the Transparent and Background color option.