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- 000487
- Modeling | Structure
- RFEM 5
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- RF-STEEL 5
- RF-STEEL AISC 5
- RF-STEEL AS 5
- RF-STEEL BS 5
- RF-STEEL CSA 5
- RF-STEEL EC3 5
- RF-STEEL GB 5
- RF-STEEL HK 5
- RF-STEEL IS 5
- RF-STEEL NBR 5
- RF-STEEL NTC-DF 5
- RF-STEEL SANS 5
- RF-STEEL SIA 5
- RF-STEEL SP 5
- RF-ALUMINUM 5
- RF-ALUMINUM ADM 5
- RSTAB 8
- STEEL 8
- STEEL AISC 8
- STEEL AS 8
- STEEL BS 8
- STEEL CSA 8
- STEEL EC3 8
- STEEL GB 8
- STEEL HK 8
- STEEL IS 8
- STEEL NBR 8
- STEEL NTC-DF 8
- STEEL SANS 8
- STEEL SIA 8
- STEEL SP 8
- ALUMINUM 8
- ALUMINUM ADM 8
- Steel Structures
- Process Manufacturing Plants
- Stairway Structures
- Structural Analysis & Design
- Eurocode 3
- ANSI/AISC 360
- SIA 263
- IS 800
- BS 5950-1
- GB 50017
- CSA S16
- AS 4100
- SP 16.13330
- SANS 10162-1
- ABNT NBR 800
- ADM
The support conditions of a beam subjected to bending are essential for its resistance to lateral-torsional buckling. If, for example, a single-span beam is held laterally in the middle of the span, the deflection of the compressed flange can be prevented, and a two-wave eigenmode can be enforced. The critical lateral-torsional buckling moment is increased significantly by this additional measure. In the add-on modules for member design, different types of lateral supports on a member can be defined using the "Intermediate supports" input window.
When optimizing cross-sections in the add-on modules, you can also select arbitrarily defined cross-section favorites lists - in addition to the cross-sections from the same cross-section series as the original cross-section.
The RX‑TIMBER stand-alone program offers you the option to optimize the lateral-torsional bracing. With this selection, the program iteratively determines the required minimum length of the lateral-torsional bracing.
In the case of open cross-sections, the torsional load is removed mainly via secondary torsion, since the St. Venant torsional stiffness is low compared to the warping stiffness. Therefore, warping stiffeners in the cross-section are particularly interesting for the lateral-torsional buckling analysis, as they can significantly reduce the rotation. For this, end plates or welded stiffeners and sections are suitable.
In RF-/FOUNDATION Pro, you can also consider the concrete cover for the foundation according to EN 1992-1-1.
In timber design, beams are often built from several timber elements. The individual elements can be connected with glue, nails, bolts, or dowels. A glued connection is to be assumed as rigid. In the case of dowel‑type fasteners, the joint is compliant (slip joint), and the cross‑section properties of the connected elements cannot be fully applied.
The same structures are often needed in several projects, such as the purlin with columns and braces in this example. The dimensions can be changed directly in RFEM or RSTAB by shifting the nodes.
For relatively large or relatively small surfaces, it can happen that the automatically created result values do not fit the model: In the case of large surfaces, there can be too many result values; in the case of small surfaces, too few.
With the RF-/TIMBER Pro add-on module, you can perform the vibration design known from DIN 1052 for the design according to EN 1995-1-1. In this design, the deflection under permanent and quasi-permanent action at the ideal one‑span beam may not exceed the limit value (6 mm according to DIN 1052). If you consider the relation between the natural frequency and the deflection for a hinged single-span beam subjected to a constant distributed load, the 6 mm limit value results in a minimum natural frequency of about 7.2 Hz.
For automatic load case combination in RFEM and RSTAB, you have to enter the possible interaction of load cases. In addition to the simultaneous or alternative occurrence of all load cases of an action, an option for different combination conditions is possible.
In RF-/FOUNDATION Pro, a graphical display of the result details is available. To see them, go to Window 2.2 Governing Design Criteria after the calculation. In the interactive graphic of this window, individual design-relevant values can be displayed for each design performed.
In RFEM and RSTAB, different graphical representations of the foundation dimensions are available.
For foundation design, it is necessary to define the relevant loads for the respective design situations (STR, GEO, UPL, EQU).
The RF-/LIMITS add-on module allows you to compare the ultimate limit state of members, member ends, nodes, nodal supports, and surfaces (RFEM only) by means of a defined ultimate load capacity. Furthermore, you can check nodal displacements and cross-section dimensions. In this example, the column bases of a carport are to be compared with the maximum allowable forces specified by the manufacturer.
In RF‑/FOUNDATION Pro, you now have the option to design a foundation at one or several nodes of the model.
When calculating foundations according to EC 7 or EC 2, different foundation types or sizes are usually used in one object. However, boundary conditions like the soil parameters, the materials for foundations, concrete covers, and the load combinations selected for design remain the same for all foundations, as a rule.
In RF-/FOUNDATION Pro, the user can freely select the proportion of the relieving soil pressure by means of the factor kred.
For a timber connection as shown in Figure 01, you can take into account the torsional spring rigidity (spring stiffness for rotation) of the connections. You can determine it by means of the slip modulus of the fastener and the polar moment of inertia of the connection.
In the RF-/TIMBER Pro, RF-/TIMBER AWC, and RF-/TIMBER CSA add-on modules, you can consider the resulting deformation of a member or set of members. In addition to the local directions y and z, you have the option "R." This allows you to compare the total deflection of a girder to the limit values given in the standards.
Besides the standardized gamma method, you can display the semi-rigid composite beams also as a framework model.
Occasionally, the question arises how to determine the correct load application point of the positive transverse loads in RF-/STEEL EC3 and RF-/STEEL AISC.
In RF‑/FOUNDATION Pro, the available reinforcing steel diameters can be adjusted by the user. The adjustment of the available rebar diameters works similarly to the same function in the RF‑/CONCRETE (Members) and RF‑/CONCRETE Columns add‑on modules.
You can make various settings in order to achieve a clearly‑arranged display of the result values. For example, some users may not want the white background in text bubbles. You can adjust the background in "Display Properties" using the Transparent and Background color option.
In RF‑/FOUNDATION Pro, reinforcement drawings are displayed after designing the foundation, where you can record all necessary structures of the reinforcement steel.
- 000945
- Add-on Modules
- RF-FRAME-JOINT Pro 5
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- JOINTS Steel | Column Base 8
- JOINTS Steel | DSTV 8
- JOINTS Steel | Pinned 8
- JOINTS Steel | Rigid 8
- JOINTS Steel | SIKLA 8
- JOINTS Steel | Tower 8
- JOINTS Timber | Steel to Timber 8
- JOINTS Timber | Timber to Timber 8
- RF-JOINTS Steel | SIKLA 5
- RF-JOINTS Steel | Column Base 5
- RF-JOINTS Steel | DSTV 5
- RF-JOINTS Steel | Pinned 5
- RF-JOINTS Steel | Rigid 5
- RF-JOINTS Steel | Tower 5
- RF-JOINTS Timber | Steel to Timber 5
- RF-JOINTS Timber | Timber to Timber 5
- FRAME-JOINT Pro 8
- Steel Structures
- Timber Structures
- Steel Connections
- Eurocode 3
- Eurocode 5
In addition to the result tables, you can create three-dimensional graphics in RF‑/FRAME‑JOINT Pro and RF‑/JOINTS. This is a realistic representation of a connection to scale.
In RF-/FOUNDATION Pro, the foundation design requires the definition of the corresponding loading (load cases, load combinations, or result combinations) for different design situations (STR, GEO, UPL, or EQU).
In RFEM 5 as well as RSTAB 8 in RF-/FOUNDATION Pro, you can save the foundation dimensions for all five foundation types as foundation templates in a user-defined database and use them later in other models.
Foundations including dimensions can be saved as a template in a user-defined database.
The joint type "Main member only" in RF‑/JOINTS Timber - Steel to Timber can also be applied for more than one connected member.
Not only do RF-/STEEL EC3 and RF-/TIMBER Pro perform cross-section designs and stability analyses, they allow you to perform serviceability limit state designs. For this, it is possible to relate the deformation to the undeformed initial system or to shifted members ends.