# Consideration of Shear Stiffness for a Cross-Section Calculation in RFEM 6

## Technical Article on the Topic Structural Analysis Using Dlubal Software

### Technical Article

Considering shear stiffness leads to an increase of deformations due to shear forces. Although the shear deformation is almost irrelevant for rolled and welded cross-sections, we strongly recommend considering it for the deformation analysis of solid and timber cross-sections.

In RFEM 6, the shear stiffnesses of members are automatically considered by the program. However, this consideration leads to different results than those you might obtain with a manual calculation. To show this, as well as to illustrate how to deactivate the shear stiffness for a cross-section calculation, a practical example will be provided. The model of interest is a timber beam with two spans of 4 m each, loaded with 1.5 kN/m, as shown in Image 1.

First, we can perform the manual calculation of internal forces and displacements for the continuous beam of interest. For this purpose, the available data can be entered into well-known beam design and deflection equations for a continuous beam with two equal spans and a uniformly distributed load. The distribution of internal forces is shown in Image 2, and the results obtained are as follows:

Shear Force V1 and V4

$$3qL8=3*1.5*48=2.25 kN$$

Shear Force V2 and V3

$$5qL8=5*1.5*48=3.75 kN$$

Bending Moment M1

$$9qL2128=9*1.5*42128=1.6875 kNm$$

Bending Moment M2

$$qL28=1.5*428=3 kNm$$

Maximum Deflection Δmax

$$Δmax=qL4185EI=1,5*44185*2911.76=0.0007m$$

Next, you can perform the same calculation in RFEM 6 and look at the results obtained as shown in Image 3. As already mentioned, the difference with respect to the results of the manual calculation is due to the automatic consideration of the shear stiffness and the increased deformation.

However, if you are interested in obtaining results for which the shear stiffness is not considered, this is also possible in RFEM 6 since you have the possibility to control the consideration of shear stiffnesses separately for each cross-section. To do so, you should open the associated "Edit Cross-Section" dialog box, as shown in Image 4. The influence of the shear depends on the cross-section areas Ay and Az (Image 4). These cross-section properties can be displayed in tables or cross-section entries and adjusted, if necessary. In addition, the shear stiffness can be deactivated (Image 5) and thus, not considered in the cross-section calculation. In this case, the results obtained in RFEM 6 (Image 6) will be identical to those calculated manually.

#### Irena Kirova, M.Sc.

Marketing & Customer Support

Ms. Kirova is responsible for creating technical articles and provides technical support to the Dlubal customers.

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• Updated 09/26/2022

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